طراحی و اعتباریابی پرسشنامه سرمایه روانشناختی تحصیلی در دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری تخصصی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی ره، تهران، ایران.

2 عضو هیأت علمی، گروه علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، واحد مسجدسلیمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مسجدسلیمان، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از مفاهیم مهم روان‌شناسی مثبت نگر که در سال­های اخیر در حوزه‌ رفتار سازمانی مورد توجه جدی قرار گرفته و در سال­های اخیر در مطالعات آموزش دانشگاهی مورد استفاده فراوان قرار گرفته است، مفهوم سرمایه روان‌شناختی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی و اعتباریابی پرسشنامه سرمایه روان­شناختی تحصیلی در میان دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز انجام شد. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل کلیه دانشجویان سال اول این دانشگاه در سال تحصیلی 98-97 می­باشد که از بین آن­ها نمونه­ای 375 نفری (228 پسر و 147 دختر) با استفاده از روش تصادفی طبقه­ای انتخاب شد. برای جمع­آوری داده­ها از چهار ابزار که هر کدام از چهار عامل سرمایه روان­شناختی را می­سنجند، یعنی مقیاس امیدواری گرایشی بزرگسالان اسنایدر و همکاران، آزمون جهت گیری زندگی شییر و کارور، مقیاس تاب­آوری و گنیلد و یانگ و مقیاس خودکارآمدی تحصیلی چیمرز و همکاران استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­ افزارهای SPSS و AMOS انجام گرفت. بر اساس یافته­های به دست آمده نمره کل پایایی پرسشنامه سرمایه روان­شناختی با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 90/0 به دست آمد. برای برآورد روایی همگرایی به طور همزمان از چهار پرسشنامه معتبر استفاده شد که ضرایب همبستگی از 56/0 تا 61/0 به دست آمد. روایی سازه با استفاده از روش تحلیل عامل تأییدی مرتبه اول و مرتبه دوم، ساختار چهار عاملی پرسشنامه (امید، خوش بینی، تاب­آوری، خودکارآمدی) را مورد تأیید قرار داد. لذا، بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، پرسشنامه سرمایه روان­شناختی از روایی و پایایی مطلوبی برخوردار است و می­توان در محیط­های آموزشی و پژوهشی از آن استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Design and Validatin of Questionnaire in Students’ Academic Psychological Resources at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad hosseini 1
  • mohamadhosein mohebi nouredinvand 2
1 Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty Member, Department of Education Sciences & Psychology, Masjedsoleiman Branch-Islamic Azad University, Masjedsoleiman, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the important concepts in positive psychology has recently taken into serious account in the realm of organizational behavior and now being employed in higher education studies is the concept of psychological capital.The purpose of this research was the designing and validating of questionnaire on Academic psychological resources among university students in Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Statistical population of the study was all fresh B.A. students in the academic year 2018-2019. The sample consisted of 375 (228 boys and 147 girls) students who were selected by stratified random sampling method. Then the instruments used in present study consisted of Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, Life Orientation Test-Revised, Resiliency Scale, and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale which were applied to assess each of the four factors making up psychological resources. SPSS and AMOS softwars were used for data analysis. According to our finding the total reliability of chronbach alpha was 0.90. In addition, four accurate questionnaires were used simultaneously with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.56 to 0.61.  The construct validityconfirmed the four-factor 36-item structure of the questionnaire (hope, optimism, resilience, self-efficacy) using the first and second order confirmation factor analysis method. Hence, according to results obtained, the psychological resources questionnaire confirmed a good validity and reliability and can be used in educational and research environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • psychological capital (psycap)
  • hope
  • optimism
  • resiliency
  • self-efficacy

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